行政裁量的界限与公共利益

公共利益是贯穿于整个公法领域的重要法律概念,为所有国家行为提供合法性理由。但由于公共利益概念的不确定性,在解释其内容时往往要诉诸于行政裁量。当今宪政国家要求行政裁量行为遵守内外界限,而此种界限映射到公共利益上即表现为法定性以及合理性和程序性。     

“互联网+”时代公共图书馆馆藏资源共享的路径探索

面向用户需要、满足用户需求是公共图书馆馆藏资源共享服务的根本导向。在“互联网+”时代,开展针对性、增值性服务是公共图书馆功能和价值实现的重要体现。“互联网+”时代公共图书馆馆藏资源共享具有多元、服务、共赢的特征,在推动馆藏资源共享的实践中,公共图书馆要借助信息技术建设信息数据和信息共享平台的统一标准,打造用户一体化体验模式,并积极引入社会力量助力资源共享建设,以期实现跨越式发展。     

The role of beliefs,trust, and risk in contributions to a public good

This paper experimentally investigates if and how beliefs, trust, and risk attitudes are associated with cooperative behavior. By applying incentivized elicitation methods to measure these concepts, we find that beliefs about others’ cooperation and trust are positively correlated with cooperation in a public goods game. However, even though contributing to a public good resembles a situation of making decisions under strategic uncertainty, elicited risk preferences do not seem to explain cooperation in a systematic way.     

“…and they are really lying”: Clean evidence on the pervasiveness of cheating in professional contexts from a field experiment

We investigate the pervasiveness of lying in professional contexts such as insurance fraud, tax evasion and untrue job applications. We argue that lying in professional contexts share three characterizing features: (1) the gain from the dishonest behavior is uncertain, (2) the harm that lying may cause to the other party is only indirect and (3) lies are more indirect lies by action or written statements. Conducted as a field experiment with a heterogenous group of participants during a University “Open House Day”, our “gumball-machine-experiment” provides field evidence on how preferences for lying are shaped in situations typically found in professional contexts which we consider to be particularly prone to lying behavior compared to other contexts. As a key innovation, our experimental design allows measuring exact levels of cheating behavior under anonymous conditions. We find clean evidence that cheating is prevalent across all sub groups and that more than 32% of the population cheats for their own gain. However, an analysis of the cheating rates with respect to highest educational degree and professional status reveals that students cheat more than non-students. This finding warrants a careful interpretation of generalizing laboratory findings with student subjects about the prevalence of cheating in the population.     

Social Work Field Educators' Views on Student Specific Learning Needs

Each year a significant proportion of students withdraw from placement in time to avoid penalty, while others fail. This article reports on a small field education research project that identified common learning issues for first placement students. Eighteen experienced supervising field educators (FEs), participated in semi structured focus groups, and identified repeat areas of difficulty in student learning that they had managed as supervisors. They also identified strategies that had been efficacious in supporting student learning. The research undertaken in 2010–2011 identified three specific themes relating to difficulties in student learning: specific student characteristics that required additional support; the university/FE partnership; student proficiency in using supervision. The findings suggest that a students' right to privacy must be considered in the provision of educational support, and that support is most effective when there is a strong partnership between the FE and university. In addition, further development of field education pedagogy may be needed to embed theory and skills related to the use of supervision and reflective learning.     

The Integration of Personal and Professional Selves: Developing Students' Critical Awareness in Social Work Practice

How social work students incorporate personal and professional selves in the contexts of field education represents a cornerstone of effective and sustainable practice. This paper presents a qualitative component of a study that tracked 15 third-year bachelor of social work students across their first field placement to document their use of self, critical reflections and experiential learning. The project examined students' assessed ‘use of self’ assignments to understand their capacity for and development of critical awareness across this placement. Students were most articulate in being able to identify stressful situations that arose from placement in terms of what they were thinking (mind) and feeling (emotion) and to a much lesser extent to what they were sensing (body). Over time, students demonstrated a growing critical awareness to better identify and respond to their self-reported tensions. The findings provide developmental insights into how students integrate personal and professional selves and potentially shift from reflective and reflexive practices to incorporating praxis in their work. Through considering the linkages between self and practice, this paper explores student experiences whilst on placement and the associated developmental tasks of critical awareness.     

社会网络交往与政治信任——基于JSNET数据的实证分析

文章使用2009年八城市"社会网络与职业调查"数据,考察了当前中国大城市居民的政治信任状况,并在此基础上探索个体网络交往和公共参与交往对居民政治信任水平的影响。实证分析发现,春节拜年网和社交餐饮网指标对政治信任水平无影响关系甚至存在负面影响,但是对于公共事务的关心程度和社团参与程度,与政治信任水平存在正向关系。因此,发展社团组织、鼓励群众关注公共事务,是提升城市居民的政治信任的有效渠道。     

成都市P2P网贷平台的发展现状分析

采用网络信息收集和实地走访相结合的方式首次对成都市P2P网贷平台的发展情况进行了研究。统计分析表明,成都市的P2P网贷平台还处在发展的初级阶段,离真正基于互联网技术的纯线上平台还有很大距离,具有竞争优势的公司屈指可数。为了更好促进成都市互联网金融的健康发展,建议不但要建立统一的P2P网贷平台交易信息系统,提高互联网金融市场的透明度,还要严格P2P网贷平台的市场准入,防范区域性金融风险,同时加强基础建设,优化互联网金融发展环境。     

论环境公益诉讼的历史发展及检察机关在其中的定位

新《环境保护法》即将实施,党的十八届四中全会公报明确提出探索建立检察机关提起公益诉讼制度,这意味着环境公益诉讼在我国的司法实践将获得突破。本文试图结合环境公益诉讼的历史发展结合检察机关在环境公益诉讼中的主体地位进行初步探讨,以期确定检察机关在环境公益诉讼的定位。